（3）Smith預(yù)估控制算法在介紹戴姆勒克萊斯勒汽車(chē)集團(tuán)（以下簡(jiǎn)稱戴-克集團(tuán)）之前，有必要先了解創(chuàng)立于1925年的美國(guó)第三大汽車(chē)工業(yè)公司克萊斯勒汽車(chē)公司，其創(chuàng)始人名叫沃爾特·克萊斯勒。該公司在全世界許多國(guó)家設(shè)有子公司，是一個(gè)跨國(guó)汽車(chē)公司。公司總部設(shè)在美國(guó)底特律。憑借自己的技術(shù)和財(cái)力，他先后買(mǎi)下道奇、布立格和普利茅斯公司，逐漸發(fā)展成為美國(guó)第三大汽車(chē)公司。隨著經(jīng)營(yíng)的擴(kuò)大，克萊斯勒開(kāi)始向海外擴(kuò)張，先后在澳大利亞、法國(guó)、英國(guó)、巴西建廠和收買(mǎi)當(dāng)?shù)仄?chē)公司股權(quán)，成為一個(gè)跨國(guó)汽車(chē)公司。目前擁有多款國(guó)際著名的轎車(chē)、載重車(chē)、輕型貨車(chē)和商務(wù)車(chē)品牌。 由成千上萬(wàn)個(gè)零配件構(gòu)成的汽車(chē)物流本身是一個(gè)非常復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)，戴-克集團(tuán)這種多品牌汽車(chē)戰(zhàn)略決定了其要面對(duì)錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的供應(yīng)鏈的挑戰(zhàn)，一體化物流解決方案（integrated logistics solution）成為其最有效的“武器”。 位于安大略的布雷馬利的汽車(chē)總裝廠是戴-克集團(tuán)一體化物流解決方案的執(zhí)行總部，被一些國(guó)際物流專家稱之為北美大陸汽車(chē)物流登峰造極的榜樣，在為汽車(chē)總裝廠所提供的最理想的物流運(yùn)作時(shí)，不僅擁有經(jīng)營(yíng)汽車(chē)制造業(yè)物流的各種優(yōu)勢(shì)， 而且最突出的是，通過(guò)一體化物流解決方案，把第三方物流供應(yīng)商的經(jīng)營(yíng)與戴姆勒-克萊斯勒汽車(chē)集團(tuán)的日常業(yè)務(wù)緊密結(jié)合起來(lái)。今天，只要接到來(lái)自戴-克集團(tuán)布雷馬利總裝廠的一個(gè)電話，運(yùn)作中的一體化物流解決方案立即發(fā)出指令，任何供需問(wèn)題都可以得到圓滿地解決。 據(jù)戴-克集團(tuán)規(guī)劃調(diào)度和管理部經(jīng)理羅布-哈米爾頓介紹，所謂一體化物流解決方案是在1999年開(kāi)始正式提出的，當(dāng)時(shí)的想法非常簡(jiǎn)單，僅僅是為了these factors. Although most people prefer to use positive rake groove tools, in fact, tools with slightly negative rake groove can remove material with higher feed, and the feed rate per tooth can reach 0.5mm. However, it also means that the best stable state must be maintained, that is, the machine tool should be very strong and the clamping should be extremely stable. In addition to insert milling (round blade is preferred), the use of 90 main deflection angle should be avoided as far as possible, which usually helps to improve stability and obtain overall performance, especially when it is used under shallow cutting depth. In deep cavity milling,It is recommended to use a variable length tool through the tool shank instead of a single length tool in the whole process. Adjusting cutting parameters to overcome the vibration caused by reducing the feed rate per tooth is a traditional solution, but this method is not appropriate because it will have a disastrous impact on tool life and cutting performance. Indexable inserts require a certain amount of cutting edge rounding to increase cutting edge strength and obtain better coating adhesion. When milling titanium, the tool is required to work at least with a minimum feed rate - usually 0.1mm per